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Sino-American Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction
Sino-American Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction (JCRR; ) is a commission established in 1948 in mainland China. After the Chinese Civil War, the JCRR then moved to Taiwan, where its work has been widely credited with laying the agricultural basis in the 1950s and 1960s for Taiwan's outstanding economic growth in the following decades by a coordinated program of economic, social, and technical development.
==The JCRR on the mainland==
After intensive lobbying by Y.C. James Yen, the American Congress included a provision in the China Aid Act of 1948 to fund an independent entity which would take advantage of Yen's experience in the Rural Reconstruction Movement.〔David Ekbladh, ''The Great American Mission: Modernization and the Construction of an American World Order'' (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010), 117. ().〕 The JCRR was governed by five commissioners, three of whom were Chinese, appointed by the Chinese government, and two of whom were American, appointed by the American president. On the mainland, during the last days of the Chinese Civil War the JCRR carried out a program of rent reduction, guarantee of tenure security, and formation of cooperatives, in addition to expansion of the agronomic and irrigation programs. By one estimate, this was the largest non-Communist land reform program in China before 1949.〔Charles W. Hayford, ''To the People: James Yen and Village China'' (New York: Columbia University Press, 1990), 204-209〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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